Method of preparing soap for use



A. VOGES.

METHOD 0F PREPARlNG SOAP FOR USE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 5. I9I9.

Patented Deo. 12, 1922.

Patented Dec. l2, 1922.

narra rats @TEF METHUD 0F V'1?IEtliJIEAIEtING SOAP FOR USE.

Application led May 5,

T0 all whom z't may concer/n.'

Be it known that I, AUGUST VoGEs, a citizen of the United States, and aresident of Chicago, Cook County, Illinois, have invented a certain new,useful, and Improved Method of' Preparing Soap for Use, of which thefollowing is a specification.

There is still some controversy as to the exact causes and reactionsthat result in the cleansing action Vof soap, but there are twogenerally accepted theories advanced as to the cleansing properties ofsoap. One such action is the emulsifying action, for it has been foundthat when an insoluble oil, such as kerosene, for example, is shaken inwater it is divided into a large number of minute globules, which,however, so soon as t-he shaking action is stopped, begin to runtogether and finally unite to form a layer of the oil separate anddistinct from the body of the water. If, however, a dilute soap solutionbe shaken together with an insoluble oil, such as above stated, theminute globules formed donot run together after the shaking action hasstopped, but on the contrary, remain permanently suspended in thesolution, the reason for this being, that each minute droplet or globuleof oil is 'surrounded entirely by a covering of the dilute soap solutionand the droplets are thereby prevented from contacting one with theother and thus running together. It is this surrounding action of thedilute soap solution when applied to material having a greasy or oilysubstance therein that permits of the article to be cleansed by wash ingout the grease particles. The solution,

in order to do its best work, should be a dilute solution.

Another cleansing action attributed to soap is that of the adsorption ofcolloidal matter, for example, when a solution containing a colloidalsubstance is shaken with the nely pulverized charcoal, the colloidalsubstance adhere to the surface of the powder.

In other words, there is a tendency tocol hesion between the colloidalin the soap solution and the particles of a fine powder. As the articlesof ne dirt are'comparatively few in the article or surface to becleansed, as compared to the soap solution, the colloidalI particlescarry off the dirt. That is to say, the dirt is removed by adsorptioninto the soap solution.

1919. Serial N0. 294,643.

vWhether the above or other theories are the true explanations of thecleansing act1on of soap I have discovered that it becomes possible tocleanse a much larger surface with a much smaller quantity of soap whenthe soap is broken up into very minute particles and that the generalaction of cleansing is greatly facilitated, and made much more thorough.

It is an object of my invention to provide a method whereby it shall bepossible to make a given quantity of soap per-form more work as acleansing agent, and whereby it shall be possible to cleanse morerapidly, more thoroughly and more conveniently.

Another object of my invention is to provide a method of preparing soapfor use in such manner that it shall be possible with a given number of.lavatories in a large factory, to enable a larger number of workmen towash within a given time.

My invention consists `generally in the method whereby the above namedobjects, together with ot-hers that will appear hereinafter, areattainable and my invention will be more readily understood by referenceto the accompanying drawings' which illustrate what I consider at thepresent time to be the bestembodiment thereof.

In said drawings, Fig. l, is a sectional elevation of a wash basinequipped with apparatus for producing my invention. Fig. 2, is a frontelevation of a wash basin and apparatus shown in Fig. ,2.

My invention may be carried out in a number of different ways and by theuse of widely diEerent apparatus, but inasmuch as' the inventionprobably finds its greatest use in large manufacturing establishmentswhere it is customary to provide liquid soap for washing purposes, Ishall describe my invention in conjunction with liquid soap and also asapplied to an ordinary troughlike wash basin such as are usually foundin factories.

Referring to the drawings; 1, represents a trough-like wash basinprovided with a plurality Iof spaced faucets 2, enabling the basin toaccommodate a number of people. Inthe present instance, I hang upon theback plate 3, of the basin a shelf-like member, 4. by means of spacedsupporting members 5, thereon. The shelf-like member 4, as here shown isprovided with a basin-like portion, 6, upstanding from which will beprovided` with an outward yextension 8,

` which forms asupport yfor a jar orreceperal; construction to.y anairbrush. v That `is fwtosayy it isy provided with acover, 11, :on f fwhich is :supported a gun, 12, yhavingy anair i rl() Y' at the other.::The connection 15, isa pipe f v such f that` when air is :admitted tothe bar-y yrelofthe gunasby'pressingthetrigger,` o o o o l 16, theliquid soap 10,inthejar,l9, is forced f upwardly through vthe verticalpipe, :17,and

taaie, 9,. in which liquidsoap,r10, is con- ,tained The jar, 9, isprovided ati they topl withanapparatus,corresponding in its gen-f supplypipe, 13, at one end and a .nozzle 14,

y f outof thenozzle, 18 at whichtimewitis engaged: by a blast of airy atthat time 'being l 1 f projected i rom nozzle '14, of the :gun 12.,

i; As the airemerges under highr pressure the 2Q liquid soapkdischarging from the nozzle, 18,

is broken lup and the'slnall particles arey f rapidly carried forward bythe air stream Land arelprojected with: greatforce against theconcavefacie?, of-theishelf rllhe droplets or globules of soap in their:passagey from the nozzle, 18y to the isurfacei7`,aref f somewhatatomizedbefore reachingzthe sur-L 1 face, 7, so that` upon' impingement ithere-yf with, thesoap; is converted into a iinelather 30;

g receptacle, 6; i The gun is operated until the desired latherindicated at :19, isl secured..

and by; gravity flows ,dfwvnwardlyy intoy the f The surface area of thelather is infinitely greater than-that of the soap used and as a resultwhen a quantity of lather is taken in the hand and brought into contactwith the water the cleansing action is almost instantaneous since thedilute soap solution is practically instantaneously formed and in turnenvelops or absorbs the grease or dirt with which it comes into contact.Not only is it possible by this means to wash or cleanse more rapidly,but it is also possible to cleanse more thoroughly and with the use orbut a fraction of the soap required ywhen soap forro;y

Lesage@ is yapplied ydirectly in unlathered The surface, 7,*is madeconcave simply.

to prevent the soap lfrom. being thrown' away when projected `againstthe surface 7, with greatforce.,` f u o Ishave noty describedtheprojecting yappa-v ratusin detail forxthe reasonthatwahnost. any airbrush or device used forthefsprayf i ingofliquid materials 4maybeemployed. ySuch devices are `owell knownconstruction v yand can be:purchased in theopenniarlet. :Inasmuch as this disclosure will suggestiy to others modified meansl wherebyy kthe ,sub l attained, I do notwish to `be limited to the appa-rams herein shown,lortoltheiprecise; v`steps or' sequence' thereof, except only as f ,f :may be necessary: bythe limitations iin the v i'hereuntoy appended claims. l i

stantial objects:ofmyfinvention may .be

*y lclaimz 1. The-'method ying a liquid*'soapyin'progressively disof;preparingy soap for use i r byrstconverting the soapinto a lather rvforsubsequent use thatconsists in pr'ovid-y f charging' small quantitiesoftheliquidsoap y into an'expansive airv jet and thereby brealeingthesoapy up intoa fineland"copiouslatherhavin'g 'considerableyinherent stafii by first converting `the soap, into a `rlathery f ing aliquid soap, in progressively discharging small quantities of the liquidsoap into an expansive air jet, thereby breaking the soap up into a fineand copious lather having considerable inherent stability, and inthereafter impinging the resulting product upon a wall and by impactfurther breaking up and stabilizinf the lather.

In testimony whereof, have hereunto set my hand, this 29th day of April,1919.

AUGUST Voces.

fory subsequent use thatconsists 'in provid-

